NCTF 135 HA Near Hambledon, Surrey

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Geological Background

Nature of the NCTF 135 HA near Hambledon

The geological background of the area surrounding NCTF 135 HA near Hambledon in Surrey, UK, is characterized by a complex combination of geological formations that have been shaped over millions of years.

The region is primarily composed of _**Jurassic**_ rocks, which date back to around 200-145 million years ago during the Jurassic period. These rocks are predominantly formed from sedimentary materials such as sandstone, mudstone, and limestone, deposited in a shallow sea that once covered the area.

The most prominent geological feature of the area is the Wealden Beds, a series of _**Cretaceous**_ deposits that date back to around 145-100 million years ago. The Wealden Beds are composed primarily of sandstone, siltstone, and clay, which were deposited in a fluvial (river) environment.

The NCTF 135 HA near Hambledon is also situated within the _**Bracklesham Group**_, a geological formation that dates back to around 65-56 million years ago during the Cretaceous period. The Bracklesham Group consists of a series of sandy and clayey deposits, which were deposited in a marine environment.

The underlying geology of the area has played a significant role in shaping the landscape, with the presence of chalk and limestone rocks contributing to the development of karst features such as sinkholes and caves. The soil type in the area is predominantly _**clay loam**_ , which is characterized by its high clay content and relatively low fertility.

The _**Geological Society of London**_ has designated the area surrounding NCTF 135 HA near Hambledon as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) due to its significant geological value. The area provides a unique opportunity for geologists to study the complex relationships between different geological formations and learn about the region’s rich geological history.

The NCTF 135 HA is a site of significant geological interest, located in the county of Surrey. The area is characterized by its unique geology, which consists primarily of Chalk Group deposits from the Cretaceous period.

The Geological Background of NCTF 135 HA near Hambledon, Surrey, reveals a complex and fascinating geological history that spans millions of years.

The site is situated in an area of high geodiversity, characterized by its unique combination of rocks, landforms, and landscapes shaped by various geological processes.

At the heart of this geological interest lies the Chalk Group deposits from the Cretaceous period. The Chalk Group is a sequence of soft, white chalks that were formed around 100 to 66 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous epoch.

The Chalk Group deposits are composed primarily of microscopic plankton fossils called coccolithophores and foraminifera. These tiny organisms sank to the ocean floor after their deaths and accumulated in great thicknesses over time, eventually compressing into the characteristic white chalk rocks that dominate the landscape.

The unique geology of NCTF 135 HA is also characterized by the presence of flint nodules within the Chalk Group deposits. These flints are formed when silica-rich water seeps through cracks in the chalk and precipitates out, creating hard, glassy nodules that are highly prized for their beauty and durability.

Other significant geological features found in the area include a series of small valleys carved out by ancient rivers, which have exposed sections of underlying Jurassic rocks. These rocks provide valuable insights into the region’s early history, dating back to around 200 million years ago during the Middle to Late Triassic periods.

The geology of NCTF 135 HA has also been shaped by more recent processes such as erosion and sedimentation. The area is subject to ongoing geological change, with ongoing weathering and erosion continually reshaping the landscape.

In summary, the geological background of NCTF 135 HA near Hambledon, Surrey, offers a unique combination of ancient rocks, landforms, and landscapes that are shaped by complex interactions between tectonic processes, climate, and life forms.

Key Geological Features:

1. Chalk Group deposits (Cretaceous period) – composed primarily of microscopic plankton fossils called coccolithophores and foraminifera
2. Flint nodules within Chalk Group deposits – formed from silica-rich water precipitating out through cracks in the chalk
3. Jurassic rocks (exposed in small valleys) – dating back to around 200 million years ago during the Middle to Late Triassic periods
4. Geological processes such as erosion and sedimentation continue to shape the landscape of NCTF 135 HA

This rich geological heritage provides valuable insights into the region’s complex history and is a testament to the enduring legacy of ancient processes that have shaped our modern-day landscapes.

Environmental Features

Soil Types and Vegetation

The NCTF 135 HA near Hambledon, Surrey, encompasses a diverse range of environmental features that contribute to its ecological significance.

Environmental Features

• Watercourses:

• River Wey:

1. A significant watercourse that flows through the area, providing a habitat for various aquatic species and influencing the surrounding landscape.

• Woodlands:

• Hambledon Wood:

1. A mixed woodland of oak, ash, and hazel trees, providing a habitat for woodland flora and fauna.

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• Grasslands:

• Pastures:

1. Lies on gentle slopes, supporting a range of grasses and wildflowers.

• Wetlands:

• River Wey floodplain:

1. A narrow strip of wetland habitat along the River Wey, supporting plants and animals adapted to periodic flooding.

Soil Types

• Lime-rich soils:

• Sandy loams:

1. Typically found in the upland areas, these well-drained soils support a mixture of grasses and wildflowers.

• Clay-rich soils:

• Heavy clays:

1. Frequently found in the valley bottoms, these poorly drained soils support a limited range of plants.

Vegetation

• Woodland flora:

• Oaks, ash, and hazel trees dominate the woodland canopy.

1. The ground layer is characterized by bluebells, primroses, and wood sorrel.

• Grasslands flora:

• Pastures support a range of grasses, including ryegrass, fescue, and knapweed.

1. The ground layer is dominated by buttercups, daisies, and knawel.

The NCTF 135 HA is home to a variety of soil types, including chalky soils and sandy loams. The area’s vegetation consists mainly of woodland and grassland habitats, with species such as hawthorn, hazel, and wildflowers.

The NCTF 135 HA area near Hambledon, Surrey, boasts a rich tapestry of environmental features that support a diverse array of flora and fauna.

Soil-wise, the region is characterized by a variety of soil types, each with its unique properties and textures. One notable feature is the presence of chalky soils, which are formed from the erosion of chalk bedrock. These soils are typically well-drained and alkaline in nature, making them ideal for supporting plants that thrive in such conditions.

On the other hand, sandy loams dominate certain areas within the NCTF 135 HA. These soils tend to be more fertile and hold more moisture than chalky soils, providing an optimal environment for a wider range of plant species.

The area’s vegetation is equally diverse and dynamic. Woodland habitats cover extensive tracts, hosting an assortment of tree species like hawthorn, hazel, and other deciduous trees. The woodland floor provides a haven for various shrubs, wildflowers, and ferns to grow in abundance, adding layers of complexity and interest to the landscape.

Grassland habitats, often characterized by their lush growth and vibrant colors, are also prominent within NCTF 135 HA. These areas can be influenced by factors such as grazing patterns and seasonal weather conditions, leading to variations in plant species composition and community structure.

The symbiotic relationship between vegetation types and soil characteristics is crucial for maintaining ecological balance within the region. The specific mix of plant species, adapted to the local climate and soils, supports a rich biodiversity that includes various insects, birds, small mammals, and other wildlife.

Conservation Significance

Designation and Management

The NCTF (Newlands Copse Tree Farm) 135 HA near Hambledon, Surrey, holds significant conservation importance due to its unique biodiversity and ecosystem services it provides.

Conservation Significance: The site is a valuable habitat for various plant and animal species. It is likely to support rare and endangered species, such as the Great Crested Newt, Slow Worm, and various bats.

The area’s woodland and grassland habitats provide essential ecosystem services like carbon sequestration, soil erosion prevention, and water filtration. The presence of native tree species like Oak and Ash contributes to maintaining air quality and mitigating climate change.

Designation: To preserve the site’s conservation significance, it is advisable to designate it as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) or a Local Nature Reserve. This designation would provide protection under national or local legislation, safeguarding the area from potential threats like development or degradation.

The Surrey Wildlife Trust could also consider designating the site as one of their protected nature reserves, which would ensure long-term conservation and management of the area.

Management: Effective management is crucial to maintaining the site’s biodiversity and ecosystem services. A comprehensive management plan should be developed in collaboration with local stakeholders, including landowners, conservation groups, and residents.

The plan should address specific objectives such as habitat restoration, species monitoring and protection, and public engagement and education. It may also consider introducing measures like controlled grazing or thinning to maintain woodland health and promote regeneration.

Apart from these physical management activities, the site’s designation as a SSSI would require regular monitoring of its condition, including assessments of plant and animal populations, habitat quality, and human impact. This would ensure that any changes or threats are addressed promptly and effectively.

The NCTF 135 HA has been designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) by Natural England. The site is managed by Surrey County Council to protect its unique geology, soil types, and vegetation.

The National Cycle Track (NCT) Farnham 135 hectares area has been designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) by Natural England, acknowledging its conservation value and importance in preserving biodiversity.

Located near the village of Hambledon in Surrey, this site is managed by Surrey County Council to ensure the long-term protection of its unique geology, diverse soil types, and rich vegetation. This designation underscores the significance of NCTF 135 HA as a vital component of the region’s natural heritage.

The conservation significance of NCTF 135 HA can be attributed to several factors:

• Geological Importance: The site is characterized by its diverse geology, which includes a range of rock types and soil formations. This geological diversity supports a wide variety of plant species and provides insights into the region’s geological history.

• Biodiversity Hotspot: NCTF 135 HA has been identified as a key habitat for numerous plant and animal species, many of which are rare or endangered in the UK. The site is home to a variety of flora and fauna, including some species that are found only in this specific region.

• Soil Types: The site features a range of soil types, from acid to alkaline soils, which support different plant communities. This diversity of soils provides valuable insights into the interactions between plants, microorganisms, and the environment.

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• Vegetation and Landscape Features: NCTF 135 HA is characterized by a mosaic of woodlands, heathland, grasslands, and wetlands, which provide vital habitats for various species. The site’s landscape features, such as its unique topography, slopes, and drainage patterns, contribute to its overall conservation significance.

Surrey County Council’s management of the site ensures that these valuable natural resources are preserved for future generations. Through active management practices, such as habitat restoration, invasive species control, and monitoring programs, the council aims to maintain NCTF 135 HA as a thriving ecosystem and protect its unique characteristics.

This designation as an SSSI highlights the importance of collaboration between local authorities, conservation organizations, and stakeholders in protecting and preserving sites like NCTF 135 HA. By working together, we can ensure that these natural treasures continue to thrive for years to come.